Administrative remedies　

Administrative remedies If you sought a building permit from the governmental institutions of your city and it was denied for what you considered to be improper reasons, you might bring a mandamus action, which would in effect ask the court to order the governmental institutions to issue the permit.However, before bringing any such action, you would first have to follow the procedural or administrative remedies the city ordinances provide, which might include appealing to the planning commission and to the city council before going to court. You might ask for a writ of prohibition if you wish to stop some governmental official from taking detrimental action involving your rights. The area of equitable relief is a complicated and technical one and requires the assistance of a lawyer.

Exhaustion of administrative remedies

Exhaustion of administrative remedies In the area of administrative law, where governmental institutions are involved, there is a doctrine referred to as exhaustion of administrative remedies. What this means is that if you have been denied a building permit, for example, you must follow whatever administrative remedies have been set up by the applicable governmental ordinances before you can sue the city. This may mean that you have to file a written claim in a certain form, within a certain period of time. Then you have to take the matter up with certain administrative or governmental bodies. You can only file a legal action when you have given these bodies a chance to consider your claim and they have denied it. 　

Criminal proceedings may not be initiated and punishment may not be imposed other than in conformity with the procedure specified in this law.
Crimes committed by military personnel in active service, except those military offenses subject to court-martial, shall be prosecuted and punished in accordance with this law.
Where the criminal proceedings of a case were conducted pursuant to special laws owing to limitation of time or region and no final judgment has yet been rendered thereon, upon elimination of said limitation, the case shall be prosecuted and punished in accordance with this law.

Before you can think about becoming a plaintiff in a lawsuit, you must first have a case. Whether you have a case or not depends upon what your cause of action is. The cause of action is what a lawsuit is all about. If you get hit by a car while you are in a pedestrian crosswalk, crossing with the green light, you have a cause of action against the driver of that car. Your cause of action would be in tort, for negligence. If you sign an agreement and pay a down payment for the purchase of a house and the seller refuses to go through with the deal, you would have a cause of action against him for breach of contract. Your lawyer will tell you what kind of a cause of action you have, and how good it is, or what your chances of winning are. 　

Tax Dispute Resolution:

Administrative Remedies for tax matters

Tax Refund
Re-check and Appeal
Administrative Litigation
Administrative Settlement
Application for Grand Justices' interpretation

This Act is enacted to improve the conduct of the banking business, to protect the rights of depositors, to coordinate with the development of productive enterprises and to keep Bank credit abreast of national financial policy. The term, "Bank", as used in this Act shall include:
1.Commercial Banks;
2.Banks for a Special Business Purpose; and;
3.Investment and Trust Companies.
Except for those Banks established by the Government, the type and special business purpose of a Bank shall be indicated in the Bank's name.A non-Bank may not use a name specified in Paragraph 1 or any other name that would likely cause people to mistake it for a bank.

Labor Standards Act

The Act is enacted to provide minimum standards for working conditions, protect workers' rights and interests, improve employee-employer relationships and promote social and economic developments. Matters not provided for herein shall be governed by other applicable statutes.
The terms and conditions of any agreement between an employer and a worker shall not be below the minimum standards provided herein.

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Cases involving general labor issues, employment contracts, work rules, employees' transfer and dispatch, employment of expatriates, wages and working-hour systems, staff welfare, employees' bonuses and employee stock options, labor pension schemes and severance pay systems, redundancy issues, gender equality and sexual harassment issues, labor safety sanitation and occupation-hazard issues, labor union and labor strike issues, and mediation and litigation of labor disputes.

This Law is enacted for the purposes of maintaining trading order, protecting consumers' interests, ensuring fair competition, and promoting economic stability and prosperity. Unless otherwise provider in this Law the provisions of other relevant laws shall apply.

The Consumer Protection Law is enacted for the purposes of protecting the interests of consumers, facilitating the safety of the consumer life of nationals, and improving the quality of the consumer life of nationals.

Copy Right Act is specifically enacted for the purposes of protecting the rights and interests of authors with respect to their works, balancing different interests for the common good of society, and promoting the development of national culture.

This Act is designed to safeguard trademark rights and consumers' interest, maintain fair competitions of markets, and facilitate normal development of industries and commerce.

An application of a foreigner, whose country has not established trademark protection treaties or agreements with the Republic of China on a mutual basis or has rejected a trademark registration made by nationals of the Republic of China in pursuance to its domestic legislations, may be rejected. A trademark may be composed of a word, design, symbol, color, sound, three-dimensional shape or a combination. A trademark as defined above shall be distinctive enough for relevant consumers of the goods or services to recognize it as identification to those goods or services and to differentiate such goods or services from those offered by others.

The term "insurance" as used in this Act means an act whereby the parties concerned agree that one party pays a premium to the other party, and the other party is liable for pecuniary indemnification for damage caused by unforeseeable events or force majeure.
A contract entered into on the basis of the preceding paragraph is called an "insurance contract."

Companies are formed with four classes as set forth in the following:
1. Unlimited Company: which term denotes a company organized by two or more shareholders who bear unlimited joint and several liabilities for discharge of the obligations of the company.
2. Limited Company: which term denotes a company organized by one or more shareholders, with each shareholder being liable for the company in an amount limited to the amount contributed by him?
3. Unlimited Company with Limited Liability Shareholders: which term denotes a company organized by one or more shareholders of unlimited liability and one or more shareholders of limited liability; among them the shareholder with unlimited liability shall bear unlimited joint liability for the obligations of the company, while each of the shareholders with limited liability shall be held liable for the obligations of the company only in respect of the amount of capital contributed by him.
4. Company Limited by Shares: which term denotes a company organized by two or more or one government or corporate shareholder, with the total capital of the company being divided into shares and each shareholder being liable for the company in an amount equal to the total value of shares subscribed by him?
The name of a company shall indicate the class to which it belongs.

Taiwan has becoming one of the important trading countries in the world in the recent years because of the economic development. Many foreign businessman and overseas Chinese are coming to our country to engage in various commercial business campaigns. Initially business requires traveling and then makes frequent stopovers. Again because businesses were expanding to establish organization, and assign many specialists to engaged in variety of commercial campaigns.

A public official who conducts proceedings in a criminal case shall give equal attention to circumstances both favorable and unfavorable to an accused.
An accused may request the public official specified in the preceding paragraph to take necessary measures favorable to the accused.